In a broadcast the job of a presenter or newsreader is to present the news to the audience covering all of the most important parts of the news stories and without giving their own opinion on the matter. The presenter also talks to other newsreaders who may be on location such as a newsreader in a local area after the events of a flood. The skills that are necessary for a newsreader is to be able to talk clearly and present the correct information but also be able to have to change what she is saying in a hurry if the producers talking to her give her updates on news stories while live on TV. They must be calm while presenting the news.
News Ordering is ordering the new that will be able to keep the audience engaged and make them want to watch the news all the way through to the end.
The name for the list of news stories that will most likely make the broadcast is called the 'News Round-up and the news stories are chosen by the broadcast editor.
The story that will most likely be shown first will be the Lead story and would be the most important story and therefore will be placed at the top of the running order and will tend to hold the most information. The lead story would be mixed with a variety of different news stories that are placed on the running order in relation to the interest in the story which is called a 'News Round-up'.
The other stories will appear down the running order one after the other and will be placed in the running order ranked from stories with most interest to the stories with less audience interest. The newsreader must also be able to change think quickly and change the news or the running order incase they receive information that would either update the news stories they are telling or could render the topic that they have covered moot.
A 'Slow news day' is when trivial or less important stories are broadcasted when there is a lack of significant or interesting news.
The final story in a broadcast is called the 'And Finally' in which it raps up the news and can be used to broadcast the weather or by presenting a light hearted news story.
A broadcast that I had watched was the story of a tattoo artist who managed to spot the change in size of a mole on a customers shoulder. He alerted the customer and it turned out to be a sign of cancer, the most common form in the U.K. We later hear in the broadcast that tattoo artists are being trained to spot signs of cancer in their customers. The people involved in the story are the tattoo artist, a photo of the diagnosed customer and the newsreader. The tattoo artist involved isn't particularly represented as a hero like you would think, he is more represented as an icon and what he has done is represented as revolutionary in the world of healthcare.
I personally feel that the tattoo artist in the story and what he does isn't exactly brilliant as I felt that he was lucky to spot the mole on his customers body. Also being that close to the customer would make it easier to notice a change. All the tattoo artist did was find the mole twice in different times, and alerted the customer. The news story wasn't exactly narrativised as we went from filler footage of a tattoo process, to an interview and then the final story of teaching tattoo artists to spot the signs of cancer in their customers.
Bias through selection and Omission
Bias through selection and omission is when an editor can choose to be biased towards someone or something in the news by choosing if he/she will use a certain news story. The editor can choose details in the stories that can be ignored to change the representation of the subject matter.
Bias through Placement/Order
Bias through placement/order is the manipulation of how information is projected and placed in order to change the impression or the context of a certain subject. Being biased through placement simply means to change the context or impression of something by playing around with the order. In a literal case this could be a photo of a famous icon be seen giving a child a toy but the use of information and photography could create the impression that the icon is taking the toy away from the child giving of negative opinions on the icon. A more manipulative could be that through the use of certain information and manipulate the information to create a whole different meaning. For example, a photo could emerge of a celebrity that reveals that she is now pregnant. The difference in which this information placed on such things like a magazine could create a different impression. If the photo and news story is on the front cover of a newspaper it could be seen as very important but if it takes up little space at the bottom of the page it could be considered less important.
Bias through Headlines
Headlines are a big part of introducing a reader to a new news story as it captures their attention whilst establishing the following story. So it can be a good way of changing the impression of the following news story so it has been easily manipulated over the years. An example of this manipulation can be when a story emerges of a celebrity getting caught in the middle of a fight whilst trying to stop it, the headline could change the story through the use of photos and use the headline 'Celebrity Beat down Craze', the reader would immediately get the impression that the celebrity caused the fight. This has happened over the years and a popular example would be when Shia LeBeauf was seen trying to calm down a drunk homeless man after he was freaked out by the flashing lights of press photography. The next day the magazine it was put in used the headline 'Shia Attacks Homeless Man', along with a photo that looks like the celebrity is chasing him.
Bias through Shot selection
Bias through Shot selection is when a certain photo is used in order to use a staple on someone's image or use it as a way to represent them for a certain amount of time. This photo of that person would then be used to sum up their character and give them a reputation, usually negative. An example of this would be the Nick Clegg bacon sandwich photo which shows Clegg halfway through a biting into a sandwich as he gives off a very humorous facial expression. This photo raised the question of if he is a suitable politician. This photo has been used to negatively represent Clegg for years and of course the news reporter didn't have to use this photo but they chose to in order to convey their point.
Bias through Names and Captions
Bias through names and captions is when certain labels are used to describe people, places or events. These labels would be used typically in order to exaggerate something that can be considered to be very minor, typically to make something seem worse than it was. For example, giving the title 'Deadly Murderer' to someone who was convicted for an accident that resulted in the loss of a life. Another big example is when actor Matthew Broderick's $170 fine for accidentally crashing with another car accidentally killing two people was described as a 'Fault of Justice'.
Bias through use of language
Bias through use of language simply means that certain words can be used to describe something and can have either positive or negative connotation. For example, the word Hero would have positive connotations to describe something that isn't very heroic but is used in order to give the 'Hero' a positive reputation. Whereas the word Failure would clearly give off very negative connotations to the person in the photo that the tagline goes with.
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