In-concert and 'as live' footage
An in-concert or 'as live' footage music video is when the video consists of footage from one of the bands or artist's previous concerts. The video would include the footage from either one concert of them performing the same song or of multiple concerts of that song, inserted with any separately filmed.
An example of this is Thirty Seconds to Mars' music video for their song 'Closer to the Edge':
Another example of this is Twenty One Pilots music video for 'Lane Boy', in which it keeps cutting back and forth from the separately filmed footage and a live performance.
Narrative and Interpretive
A narrative music video is when the music video is filmed as a linear story for the audience to follow along with the music. An interpretative music video is when the video takes cues from the lyrics and portrays them with visuals in the music video.
An example of this is Thirty Seconds to Mars music video for their song 'This Is War', in which the visuals take from the lyrics in order to convey political corruption and war, following and taking cues from the lyrics to portray a view on the world.
Surrealist/Absurdist
A surrealist/absurdist music video is when the video is an over exaggerated or over-the-top representation of certain things, being unconventional and surprising whilst not relating to the lyrics in any way. This can be portrayed through animated/CGI visuals, mise-en-scene and location.
An example of this is A Day to Remember's music video for their song 'Right back at it Again', in which it uses very simple cartoon drawings and animation both stop frame and computer generated.
Impressionist
An impressionist music video is when the artist uses particular videos and lyrics as a way to capture how the world makes them feel, instead of just capturing the image of the world itself. This style of video comes from the 19th century with German Expressionism, a movement in film that stood out as much more 'artistic' then other films of that time.
An example I found is Sum-41's video for their song 'Walking Disaster', in which the lyrics tie in with the visuals to represent the bands view of the world.
Another example I found was A Day to Remember's music video for their song 'Bullfight', in which it depicts a creative burst of expression from those in the music video.
Intertextual: Synergy, Allusion, Pastiche, Parody and Homage
An intertextual music video is when the music video references, parodies, pays homage or replicates the style of a certain artistic era or medium. The video would replicate what has been seen in the referenced media.
Homage
An homage is when someone or something references and copies another well known property whether it be music video to film, film to copy etc.
An example is Thirty Seconds to Mars music video for 'The Kill', in which the video replicates the style and narrative of Stanley Kubrick's film 'The Shining'.
Pastiche
A pastiche is when the style or theme is taken and replicated from a well known media.
An example of this is Panic!At the Disco's music video for 'But It's Better if you Do', in which it copied from classic 50's TV Domestic dramas.
Allude
An allusion is when the video itself alludes to another person, thing, event or cultural reference. Either to poke fun or highlight an unspoken side of them regarding either political or media representation. An example is The Lonely Island's music video called 'Finest Girl (Bin Laden) in which he sings about a girl with a sexual obsession with Osama Bin Laden.
Synergy
Synergy is when a film would make videos of the songs on their soundtrack in order to tie in with the promotion of the film. These videos may include an actor or group of actors from the film and the artists or band behind the song.
An example of this is when the film Suicide Squad released music videos for the pop-punk songs on the films soundtrack. Two examples are Purple Lamborghini by Rick Ross and Skrillex, in which Jared Leto's joker character was included in the video, and Twenty One Pilots music video for Heathens.
Parody
A parody is when an artist or band pokes fun at or replicates something serious from another artist or band, they put a comedic spin on it whilst changing the lyrics and tone of the song as a whole. The video or lyrics would often twist around the original lyrics or music video for a comedic spin. An example of this is from the YouTube channel "Barely Political" in which they parody Eminem and Rhianna's 'Love the way you lie'. The video turns the original on its head by changing the theme of domestic abuse and break up to kids picking on each other in school playgrounds and classrooms.
Animation
An animated music video is when the video consists of either completely or partly animated visuals. These can either be when animation is animated over live-action footage, or the video is entirely computer animation. A lot of the time these would be in the style of an anime or manga that would come from a Japanese band like One Ok Rock.
An example I found was Tenacious D's song 'Tribute' in which it consitsts of a digitally recreated landscape and a digitally altered character.
Lip Synch- miming and playback
A lip synced video is when the video would consist of someone miming to the lyrics of the song. This person wont necessarily have to be the original artist and can be told with a simple narrative. A few examples would be Ed Sheeran's song 'Lego House' in which the famous actor Rupert Grint (Harry Potter) sings along to the song 'Lego House' and is humorously similar looking to Ed Sheeran. Another example is Panic!At the Disco's song 'LA Devotee', in which the actor from the Netflix series Stranger Things sings to the song in a Clockwork Orange brainwash style video.
Another example I found was A Day to Remember's music video for their song 'All I Want', in which many members from other bands lip-sync to the same song, cutting back and forth from each band.
Cutting to the beat
Cutting to the beat is a style of music video in which it is edited so the cuts in the video are synchronized to the beats or to create a distinguishable rhythmic cut between the shots. These edits would be seen clearly throughout the majority of the video.
An example of a music video that uses this style of editing is DragonForce's music video for their song 'Through the Fire and the Flames'.
Post-production effects
Their are several different effects that could be added in post-production, these include such things as colored filters,cgi/digital recreation or an animation technique in which they would draw over the frames of the objects in the shot (maybe the artist or drawing over the environment around them). Whether these are stock footage of certain affects like smoke, fire or muzzle flares, they will be added in during the post-production editing stage.
Particular Effect: Split Screen
An example of certain effects in music videos is the use of the 'Split Screen', in which multiple shots or footage are placed over the same screen, but with a different shot scene or action takes place on the other screen. This can be used to duplicate the artist or band with a more fluent and visually unique video.
An example of this is the music video for Pentatonix's video for their 'Daft Punk' A Capella video.
Particular Effect: Chroma Key
The use of a chroma key in a music video is when the artist or band are shot performing in front of a green screen, which in post would then be changed to a certain background like a landscape or something of the editors choice.
An example of this is the music video for The Offspring's song 'You're gonna go far kid', in which the entire video is shot with the use of a chroma key.
Camera angles and shots and movements
Camera shots be a very helpful way in creating a unique music video that stands out from the typical fast cut and jarring music videos. These can be unique camera angles or even an entirely one shot take.
A music video that uses several random and over the top camera angles is Smash Mouth's music video for their song 'All Star'.
Another example is Sum-41's music video for 'The Hell SOng', in which the entire music video is shot at really low angle to film dolls and action figures.
Mise-en-scene
'Mise-en-scene' is the french word for 'things in the scene', these include all things like props, costumes, lighting, settings etc. These objects would be used for reasons like to create a sense of authenticity, establishing time period or location etc.
An example that uses the Mise En Scene really well is Panic! At the Disco's music video for their song 'The Ballad of Mona Lisa', in which it goes with a very steampunk style using props like the old microphones, the black and gold colour pallet and the costuming, among many others.
Another example of a good use of Mise-En-Scene in a music video is Panic! At the Disco's 'I Write sins not tragedies', music video. In which it depicts a circus-freak like group, crashing a wedding. Costuming, props and set design are a big part of this video.
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